第一步:Unfortunately,L.A. Unified has produced an inflexible policy which mandates that with the exception of some advanced courses, homework may no longer count for more than 10% of a student’s academic grade.
首先幫助大家解決本句中可能存在的詞匯障礙:
inflexible a.頑固的,僵化的
mandate v. 命令,指令
academic a. 學習的,學術的
第二步對長難句進行斷句,找出標點,從屬連詞等標志,可以把句子斷成如下的結構:①Unfortunately,L.A. Unified has produced an inflexible policy // ②which mandates that with the exception of some advanced courses, // ③homework may no longer count for more than 10% of a student’s academic grade.(第一處逗號前只有一個詞,不作為斷句的標志,從屬連詞which前可以斷開,that引導的從句不斷,因為只有兩個單詞,太短了)
第三步分析斷開的各部分結構的成分,句首副詞做狀語,修飾整個句子。其中本句的主干成分:L.A. Unified has produced an inflexible policy。Which引導的從句是定語從句,來修飾先行詞policy。其中在which定從結構中出現了從句套從句的現象,包含了that引導的賓語從句,做which從句中mandate的賓語。That引導的賓從中,主干是homework may no longer count for more than 10% of a student’s academic grade.狀語結構是 with the exception of some advanced courses。
那么最后就是去分析理解我們的這組長難句了:
①Unfortunately,L.A. Unified has produced an inflexible policy.(此句中沒有需要調整的修飾成分,直接順譯即可)—不幸的是,洛杉磯校區已經制定了一項硬性的政策
②which mandates that with the exception of some advanced courses(此句中which定從整體過長,不用倒譯,直接定語從句順譯即可,which可以翻譯成修飾的名詞policy或者代詞)—這項政策規定除了一些高級課程之外,
③homework may no longer count for more than 10% of a student’s academic grade.(此句中of短語做后置定語來修飾前面的比例,需要調整。主干成分直接順譯即可)—家庭作業在學生的成績中所占的比例不再超過10%。
整體句意就打通了:不幸的是,洛杉磯校區已經制定了一項硬性的政策,這項政策規定除了一些高級課程之外,家庭作業在學生的成績中所占的比例不再超過10%。